by Douaa Dridi (Policy Intern at CELI)
EU Inc.: Between Competitiveness Rhetoric and Institutional Reality
The European Commission’s announcement in January 2026 that it would soon propose „EU Inc.” – a pan-European legal framework for innovative companies – marks an inflection point in the Union’s long-standing struggle to reconcile regulatory harmonisation with Member State sovereignty.[1] Commission…
Commentary: Agricultural Digitalization of the EU and Its Risks
by Mokhtar Ben mlouka (Policy Intern at CELI)
EU’s Digital Markets Act in Action: Commission Issues Total Fines of $700M to Apple and Meta
The European Union’s efforts to establish fair competition in digital markets reached a pivotal moment on April 23, 2025, as the European Commission announced its first enforcement actions under the Digital Markets Act (DMA)[1]. Apple has been fined €500 million and…
Driving Sustainable Growth: How the CMA’s Strategic Approach Shapes the UK’s Industrial Future
The United Kingdom (UK) government’s Industrial Strategy Green Paper (Industrial Strategy)[1] sets out an ambitious vision to position the UK as a global leader in high-growth sectors, ensuring sustainable and inclusive economic growth. As the government prepares to launch this strategy,…
Quick Review: A Competitiveness Compass for the EU
The European Union stands at a crossroads. Despite its strengths—a skilled workforce, a continental Single Market, and a stable legal framework—the bloc has struggled to keep pace with global competitors like the U.S. and China. Productivity growth has stagnated for decades,…
Navigating Competition in Generative AI: A Global Collaborative Effort
by István Kopácsi As artificial intelligence (AI) continues to advance at a breakneck pace, ensuring that its development and deployment adhere to principles of fair competition is more critical than ever. A recent joint statement[1] from competition authorities in the European Union,…
Article 1 (5) of the DMA and Section 19a of the German Competition Act regarding Google’s Commitments
by Fatma Ceren Morbel A recent effort by the European Union, known as the Digital Markets Act, aims to ensure fair and contestable markets, which was passed in November 2022 and entered into force in May 2023. Article 114 TFEU provides…
A new dawn for competition enforcement in Germany: the reforms of the 11th Amendment of German Competition Act
by Dávid Szász Following the publication in the Federal Law Gazette, the 11th amendment[1] (“Amendment”) to the German Competition Act (Gesetz gegen Wettbewerbsbeschränkungen, “GWB”) have entered into force on the 7th of November 2023. Regarded by some as the biggest reform of German…
G7 competition summit in Tokyo
by István Kopácsi Competition authorities and policy makers from the G7 countries met in Tokyo on 8 November 2023 and published the conclusions in a joint communiqué.[1] The aim was to discuss issues related to competition in digital markets, recognizing the…