The European Union’s White Paper for European Defence Readiness 2030[1], published in March 2025, outlines a framework for addressing security concerns amid heightened geopolitical tensions. The document states that Russia’s defense expenditures are projected to reach 9% of GDP in 2025,…
EU’s Digital Markets Act in Action: Commission Issues Total Fines of $700M to Apple and Meta
The European Union’s efforts to establish fair competition in digital markets reached a pivotal moment on April 23, 2025, as the European Commission announced its first enforcement actions under the Digital Markets Act (DMA)[1]. Apple has been fined €500 million and…
The EU’s AI Continent Action Plan: A Bold Step Towards Global AI Leadership
As Europe positions itself in the global artificial intelligence race, the European Commission has launched an ambitious roadmap to catapult the EU to the forefront of AI innovation and adoption. On April 9, 2025, the Commission unveiled its AI Continent Action…
The Digital and Technological Future of Europe: Key Priorities by the European University Institute
As we approach the mid-point of this decade, the European Union faces critical decisions that will shape its digital future. The European University Institute recently published a comprehensive report titled „Charting the Digital and Technological Future of Europe: What Priorities for…
The Power of Standards in the Digital Age: An EU Perspective
In recent years, standards have increasingly been recognized as key drivers of global competitiveness, particularly in the digital era. In February 2022, the European Commission introduced its first-ever Standardization Strategy, aiming to strengthen the EU’s competitiveness through more efficient and robust standardization processes.
Towards connectivity: The Gigabit Infrastructure Act
by Mónika Mercz The Digital Decade initiative of the European Union involves a pledge to reach 100% of 5G and fiber coverage by 2030 for EU citizens, and to ensure that new players have sufficient access to innovative business-to-business and business-to-consumer…
Horizon scanning and breakthroughs in Quantum technologies
by István Kopácsi The report shortly titled „Breakthroughs in Quantum Technologies”[1] (Report) provides an in-depth exploration of emerging quantum technologies, with a focus on key trends and innovations that are likely to shape the field in the coming years. In this review…
GDPR: Second report published by the European Commission
by Fatma Ceren Morbel The European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) applies to all organizations that handle personal information related to citizens and residents of the European Union since 2018. The regulation enhanced the rights of data subjects, redefined the…
Factors of success and downfall in industrial policy
by Mónika Mercz A good and effective policy is not only defined by the commonly used top-down approach. Rather, involvement of several stakeholders, a strong bureaucratic capacity, and safeguards against regulatory capture are all essential components of it. While we must…
The EU’s Digital Decade
by Mónika Mercz Despite the significant initiatives undertaken, according to the report on the Digital Decade, key goals are not expected to be fulfilled by 2030 at the current rate of development due to the low level of private investments.[1] Digital…