As artificial intelligence (AI) systems become increasingly embedded in decision-making across both public and private sectors, the urgency for robust governance frameworks that safeguard the core values of democratic societies has never been greater. In response, the Committee on Artificial Intelligence…
ChatGPT Under Fire: Italy’s €15 Million GDPR Fine Against OpenAI and Its Implications
The Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante) has imposed a €15 million fine on OpenAI for multiple General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) violations related to its flagship AI chatbot, ChatGPT.[1] This significant regulatory action, finalized in December 2024, marks one of the…
The EU’s AI Continent Action Plan: A Bold Step Towards Global AI Leadership
As Europe positions itself in the global artificial intelligence race, the European Commission has launched an ambitious roadmap to catapult the EU to the forefront of AI innovation and adoption. On April 9, 2025, the Commission unveiled its AI Continent Action…
Beyond 3%: EARTO’s Strategic Vision for Innovation-Driven Growth in the EU
In an era where technological advancements shape economies and societies, the European Union reaches a turning point. The European Association of Research and Technology Organisations (EARTO) has recently released a compelling paper outlining a strategic vision for enhancing economic prosperity across…
Toxic Algorithms: Social Media Platforms Face Legal and Regulatory Challenges Over Addictive Algorithms and Youth Mental Health
Recent legal and regulatory actions against major social media companies have brought the issue of algorithmic addiction and its impact on youth mental health to the forefront of public discourse. These lawsuits signal a significant shift in how regulators and lawmakers…
Mitigating Risks in Generative AI: A Guide to the NIST AI Risk Management Framework
by Mónika Mercz The US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) released NIST-AI-600-1, Artificial Intelligence Risk Management Framework: Generative Artificial Intelligence Profile[1] on July 26, 2024. The document is a cross-sectoral profile of the AI Risk Management Framework (AI RMF…
Human-Centric AI in Defence: Bridging Ethics, Technology and Strategy
Artificial intelligence (AI) is swiftly reshaping the defense arena, promising enhanced operational capabilities, improved decision-making, and reduced risks to human lives. However, the integration of AI into military systems also raises profound ethical, legal, and practical questions. Central to these debates…
Social Media Credit Scoring: A Double-Edged Sword
The emergence of social media as a tool for credit scoring is changing how financial institutions assess creditworthiness. While traditional credit scores have largely relied on an individual’s financial history—such as payment records and debt profile—social media is increasingly being used…
Legal Personhood for AI: Challenges and Future Possibilities
As artificial intelligence (AI) continues to transform various sectors of society, the question of its legal status has become increasingly relevant. Should AI systems, particularly those that demonstrate high levels of autonomy and complexity, be granted legal personhood? This question has…
The Paris AI Action Summit: Charting AI’s Global Trajectory
The 2025 Paris AI Action Summit marked a pivotal moment in global artificial intelligence governance, convening over 1,000 participants from 100 nations to address AI’s societal, economic, and environmental impacts. While the summit produced a landmark declaration signed by 58 countries[1]—including…