As artificial intelligence (AI) continues to transform various sectors of society, the question of its legal status has become increasingly relevant. Should AI systems, particularly those that demonstrate high levels of autonomy and complexity, be granted legal personhood? This question has…
Quick Review: A Competitiveness Compass for the EU
The European Union stands at a crossroads. Despite its strengths—a skilled workforce, a continental Single Market, and a stable legal framework—the bloc has struggled to keep pace with global competitors like the U.S. and China. Productivity growth has stagnated for decades,…
Data Protection and AI Models – EDPB Opinion, OpenAI Fine and DeepSeek Scrutiny
The European Data Protection Board (EDPB) adopted Opinion 28/2024 on 17 December 2024,[1] addressing key data protection issues that arise from the processing of personal data in the context of artificial intelligence (AI) models. Issued at the request of the Irish…
Spain’s Proposal for Extended Collective Licensing in AI Development
by Dávid Ujhelyi In December 2024, the Spanish Ministry of Culture unveiled a groundbreaking legislative proposal aimed at introducing extended collective licensing (ECL) for the development of general-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) models. The “Draft Royal Decree to regulate the granting of…
Transforming Justice: The Role of GenAI in Legal Decision-Making
Generative AI (GenAI) tools hold significant potential to transform the legal profession. These tools can enhance efficiency, for example, by streamlining research, and speeding up legal document generation. While GenAI could revolutionize how lawyers and judges handle complex legal tasks, the…
Ethics of Generative Artificial Intelligence according to the American Bar Association
by Mónika Mercz All around the world, there have been instances of lawyers utilizing technological innovations for their benefit, such as generative artificial intelligence (GenAI). Unfortunately, several professionals ultimately failed to comprehend the true nature of these tools, resulting in occurrences,…
The Power of Standards in the Digital Age: An EU Perspective
In recent years, standards have increasingly been recognized as key drivers of global competitiveness, particularly in the digital era. In February 2022, the European Commission introduced its first-ever Standardization Strategy, aiming to strengthen the EU’s competitiveness through more efficient and robust standardization processes.
EU-Mercosur Deal: Boosting Europe’s Strategic Autonomy or a Threat to Domestic Welfare?
by Bálint Medgyes After 25 years of negotiations, the EU-Mercosur free trade and cooperation agreement[1] has been signed, creating a common market for nearly 800 million citizens. This landmark deal represents one of the largest free trade zones in the world, covering…
Adapting Non-Contractual Civil Liability Rules to Artificial Intelligence in the European Union
by Wasim Khraisha Artificial Intelligence (AI) has revolutionized modern life, offering unprecedented opportunities across various domains, from healthcare to autonomous systems. However, the integration of AI into society has also introduced risks, including potential harm to individuals and entities due to…
The Future of AI Liability in the EU: Key Insights from the New Product Liability Directive
by Luca Farkas The new EU Directive on Liability for Defective Products (“PLD”)[1] was published on 18 November 2024, replacing the existing EU Product Liability Directive 85/374/EEC. The new PLD aims to modernize the EU’s consumer protection laws in response to technological…